EHORN Region Policy Briefs

Policy Brief Dashboard: State of Elections in the East and Horn of Africa Region

This dashboard summarizes key findings from the E-HORN Policy Brief on electoral processes in Rwanda, Burundi, Tanzania, Uganda, South Sudan and Ethiopia. It highlights regional trends on electoral integrity, observation access, peer learning, civic space, Election Situation Rooms, information integrity and democratic resilience.

Download Full Policy Brief View Recommendations

Key Policy Brief KPIs

6
Countries Reviewed
Rwanda, Burundi, Tanzania, Uganda, South Sudan and Ethiopia.
2024–2026
Electoral Period Covered
The brief reviews major electoral developments across the region during this period.
4
Core Policy Challenges
Observation access, weak peer learning, electoral unpreparedness and information integrity risks.
7
Peer-Learning Benefits
Preparedness, citizen observation, transparency, technology, conflict sensitivity, trust and resilience.
1
Positive Learning Mission
The Ethiopia Learning Mission demonstrated the value of structured regional learning.
5+
Digital Monitoring Tools Highlighted
Situation rooms, real-time reporting, media monitoring, GIS mapping and incident platforms.
4
Target Stakeholder Groups
Governments/EMBs, regional organizations, development partners and civil society networks.
1
Regional Reform Agenda
Institutionalize observation access, peer learning and democratic cooperation across borders.

Country Snapshot

Rwanda

Stable but Constrained Electoral Environment

Rwanda’s 2024 elections were peaceful and institutionally stable, but concerns remained around electoral competitiveness, opposition participation, civic space and independent observation access.

South Sudan

Delayed Democratic Transition

The postponement of elections underscored the need for sustained support to constitution-making, security sector reforms, electoral preparedness, civic education and inclusive dialogue.

Burundi

Limited Regional Observation Access

The 2025 elections highlighted concerns around opposition participation, civic space, observer access, media freedoms and the need for stronger regional democratic accountability.

Tanzania

Missed Opportunities for Regional Learning

The electoral period was marked by restrictions on civic actors, opposition activity, media freedoms and accreditation barriers that limited regional observation and peer learning.

Uganda

Challenges in Observation Accreditation

Uganda’s 2026 electoral context reflected concerns around opposition restrictions, civil society operating space, digital rights, observer accreditation and election-related information controls.

Ethiopia

A Positive Learning Experience

Ethiopia provided an important peer-learning opportunity through engagement with election situation rooms, citizen observation models, media monitoring and electoral data systems.

Main Policy Challenges

  • Restrictive access for regional observation: Accreditation and access limitations reduced opportunities for independent assessment and confidence building.
  • Weak regional learning mechanisms: Electoral innovations and good practices often remain confined within national borders.
  • Electoral unpreparedness: Post-conflict and transitional contexts require long-term investment in institutions, civic education, legal reforms and security arrangements.
  • Information integrity risks: Misinformation, disinformation, online polarization, digital surveillance and platform manipulation increasingly affect electoral trust.

Why Regional Observation and Peer Learning Matter

Improve Election Preparedness

Peer learning helps institutions identify risks early, strengthen readiness and improve contingency planning.

Strengthen Citizen Observation

Regional exchanges support better recruitment, training, deployment, verification and reporting methodologies.

Promote Transparency

Shared practices on stakeholder engagement, results management and public communication can build public confidence.

Support Technology Adoption

Election situation rooms, GIS maps, results systems and media monitoring tools can be adapted across countries.

Support Conflict-Sensitive Elections

Regional learning strengthens early warning, mediation, dialogue and incident response systems.

Build Democratic Resilience

Cross-border cooperation helps electoral stakeholders respond collectively to shared democratic threats.

Policy Recommendations

1. Governments and Election Management Bodies

  • Ensure open, transparent and inclusive accreditation for regional actors.
  • Facilitate regional learning missions and technical exchanges.
  • Institutionalize stakeholder dialogue to improve trust and electoral processes.

2. Regional Organizations

  • Institutionalize regional electoral learning and knowledge-sharing mechanisms.
  • Operationalize regional and continental standards on observer accreditation.
  • Support electoral preparedness in fragile and transitional contexts.

3. International Development Partners

  • Invest in long-term democratic infrastructure beyond election day.
  • Support regional learning missions, forums and exchange programmes.
  • Strengthen digital electoral ecosystems and information integrity systems.

4. Civil Society and Observation Networks

  • Build collaborative observation models across the region.
  • Document and share electoral lessons and innovations.
  • Expand South-South cooperation among African institutions.